University of Ulster

Martin, CM, Irwin, Nigel, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2013) A novel acylated form of (d-Ala2)GIP with improved antidiabetic potential, lacking effect on body fat stores. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1830 (6). pp. 3407-3413.

Irwin, Nigel, Frizelle, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2013) (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8[mPEG]: A novel, long-acting, mini-PEGylated cholecystokinin (CCK) agonist that improves metabolic status in dietary-induced diabetes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects, 1830 (8). pp. 4009-4016.

Irwin, Nigel, Franlin, ZJ and O'Harte, Finbarr (2013) desHis1Glu9-glucagon-[mPEG] and desHis1Glu9(Lys30PAL)-glucagon: Long-acting peptide-based PEGylated and acylated glucagon receptor antagonists with potential antidiabetic activity.. European Journal of Pharmacology, 709 (1-3). pp. 43-51.

Irwin, Nigel, Montgomery, IA and Flatt, Peter (2013) Comparison of the metabolic effects of sustained CCK1 receptor activation alone and in combination with upregulated leptin signalling in high-fat-fed mice. Diabetologia, 56 (6). pp. 1425-1435.

Gaudin-Audrain, C, Irwin, Nigel, Mansur, S, Flatt, Peter, Thorens, B, Basle, M, Chappard, D and Mabilleau, G (2013) Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor deficiency leads to modifications of trabecular bone volume and quality in mice. Bone, 53 (1). pp. 221-230.

Montgomery, IA, Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2013) Beneficial Effects of (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8 on Energy Intake and Metabolism in High Fat Fed Mice are Associated with Alterations of Hypothalamic Gene Expression.. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 45 (6). pp. 471-473.

Irwin, Nigel, Hunter, K, Montgomery, IA and Flatt, Peter (2013) Comparison of independent and combined metabolic effects of chronic treatment with (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8 and long-acting GLP-1 and GIP mimetics in high fat fed mice.. Diabetes Obesity and Matabolism, N/A.

Irwin, Nigel, Frizzelle, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2013) Metabolic effects of activation of CCK receptor signaling pathways by twice daily administration of the enzyme resistant CCK-8 analogue, (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8, in normal mice.. Journal of Endocrinology, 216 (1). pp. 53-59.

Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2013) GIP. In: Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides (2nd Edition). Elsevier, pp. 1227-1235. ISBN 978-0-12-385095-9

Irwin, Nigel, Montgomery, IA, O'Harte, Finbarr, Frizelle, P and Flatt, Peter (2012) Comparison of the independent and combined metabolic effects of subchronic modulation of CCK and GIP receptor action in obesity-related diabetes. International Journal of Obesity, N/A.

Irwin, Nigel, Montgomery, IA, Moffett, RC and Flatt, Peter (2012) Chemical cholecystokinin receptor activation protects against obesity-diabetes in high fat fed mice and has sustainable beneficial effects in genetic ob/ob mice.. Biochemical Pharmacology, 85. pp. 81-91.

Martin, Christine M.A., Gault, Victor, McClean, Stephen, Flatt, Peter and Irwin, Nigel (2012) Degradation, insulin secretion, glucose-lowering and GIP additive actions of a palmitate-derivatised analogue of xenin-25. Biochemical Pharmacology, 84 (3). pp. 312- 319.

Irwin, Nigel, Frizelle, P, Montgomery, IA, Moffett, RC, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2012) Beneficial effects of the novel cholecystokinin agonist (pGlu-Gln)-CCK-8 in mouse models of obesity/diabetes. Diabetologia, 55 (10). pp. 2747-2758.

Irwin, Nigel, Montgomery, Ian A. and Flatt, Peter (2012) Evaluation of the long-term effects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide-ovalbumin conjugates on insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, energy balance and cognition in high-fat-fed mice. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 108 (1). pp. 46-56.

Irwin, Nigel, Francis, Jacqueline M. E. and Flatt, Peter (2011) Insulin modulates glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) secretion from enteroendocrine K cells in rats. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 392 (10). pp. 909-918.

Franklin, Z. J., McDonnell, B., Montgomery, I. A., Flatt, Peter and Irwin, Nigel (2011) Dual modulation of GIP and glucagon action by the low molecular weight compound 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 2-bromobenzylidene hydrazide. DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, 13 (8). pp. 742-749.

Irwin, Nigel, McKinney, J. M., Bailey, C. J., McClenaghan, Neville and Flatt, Peter (2011) Acute and Long-term Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-gamma Activation on the Function and Insulin Secretory Responsiveness of Clonal Beta-Cells. HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH, 43 (4). pp. 244-249.

Gault, Victor, Porter, David W., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2011) Comparison of sub-chronic metabolic effects of stable forms of naturally occurring GIP(1-30) and GIP(1-42) in high-fat fed mice. JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, 208 (3). pp. 265-271.

Irwin, Nigel, Francis, J. M. E. and Flatt, Peter (2011) Alterations of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) during cold acclimation. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 167 (1). pp. 91-96.

Irwin, Nigel, McKinney, J. M., Bailey, C. J., Flatt, Peter and McClenaghan, Neville (2010) Effects of metformin on BRIN-BD11 beta-cell insulin secretory desensitization induced by prolonged exposure to sulphonylureas. DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, 12 (12). pp. 1066-1071.

McKiney, Joan M., Irwin, Nigel, Flatt, Peter, Bailey, Clifford J. and McClenaghan, Neville (2010) Acute and long-term effects of metformin on the function and insulin secretory responsiveness of clonal beta-cells. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 391 (12). pp. 1451-1459.

McCluskey, Janie, Vasu, S., Hamid, M. H., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2010) Functional analysis of the GLP-1 secreting GLUTag cell line in vitro and in normal and diabetic SCID mice. IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, 179 (Suppl. 13). pp. 537.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Rafferty, E. P., Franklin, Z. and Irwin, Nigel (2010) (Pro(3))glucagon-amide acts as a glucagon receptor antagonist in cultured cells and in obese diabetic ob/ob mice. IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, 179 (13). pp. 507.

Taylor, Ashley, Irwin, Nigel, McKillop, Aine, Patterson, Steven, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2010) Evaluation of the degradation and metabolic effects of the gut peptide xenin on insulin secretion, glycaemic control and satiety. JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, 207 (1). pp. 87-93.

Montgomery, I. A., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2010) Active immunization against (Pro3)GIP improves metabolic status in high-fat-fed mice. DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM, 12 (9). pp. 744-751.

Subasinghage, Anusha P., Green, Brian D., Flatt, Peter, Irwin, Nigel and Hewage, Chandralal M. (2010) Metabolic and structural properties of human obestatin {1-23} and two fragment peptides. PEPTIDES, 31 (9). pp. 1697-1705.

Irwin, Nigel, Porter, W. D., Flatt, Peter, Holscher, Christian and Gault, Victor (2010) Prolonged GIP receptor activation improves glucose homeostasis and cognitive function in high-fat fed mice. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 164 (1, Sp. Iss. SI). pp. 44.

Montgomery, I. A., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2010) The metabolic effects of induction of GIP neutralising antibodies in high-fat fed mice. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 164 (1, Sp. Iss. SI). pp. 42.

Taylor, Ashley, Irwin, Nigel, McKillop, Aine, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2010) Xenin: An anorectic peptide involved in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 164 (1, Sp. Iss. SI). pp. 41.

Vasu, S., Hamid, M. H., McCluskey, Janie, Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2010) Implantation of GLP-1 secreting cells fails to recapitulate effects of exogenous GLP-1 mimetics in mice. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 164 (1, Sp. Iss. SI). pp. 32.

Irwin, Nigel, Taylor, Ashley, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2010) Assessment of the metabolic effects of the gut peptide xenin on insulin secretion, glycaemic control and satiety. DIABETOLOGIA, 53 (Suppl. 1). pp. 22.

Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2010) Therapeutic potential of the original incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide: diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease?. EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS, 19 (9). pp. 1039-1048.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Franklin, Z, Rafferty, EP and Irwin, Nigel (2010) The novel (Pro(3)) glucagon-amide analogue antagonises the action of glucagon both in vitro and in vivo. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 164 (1, Sp. Iss. SI). pp. 42.

Rafferty, EP, Franklin, Z, Irwin, Nigel and O'Harte, Finbarr (2010) Stability and efficacy studies in N-terminally truncated glucagon receptor antagonist peptides. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 164 (1, Sp. Iss. SI). pp. 41-42.

Franklin, Z, Rafferty, EP, Irwin, Nigel and O'Harte, Finbarr (2010) Peptide based glucagon analogues are effective agents in blocking the hyperglycaemic actions of glucagon in high fat fed mice. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 164 (1, Sp. Iss. SI). pp. 32-33.

Irwin, Nigel, Flatt, Peter, Patterson, Steven and Green, BD (2010) Insulin-releasing and metabolic effects of small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist 6,7-dichloro-2-methylsulfonyl-3-N-tert-butylaminoquinoxaline.. European Journal of Pharmacology , 628 (1-3). pp. 268-273.

Porter, David, Irwin, Nigel, Flatt, Peter, Holscher, Christian and Gault, Victor (2010) Prolonged GIP receptor activation improves cognitive function, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and glucose homeostasis in high fat fed mice. Eur J Pharmacol, 650. pp. 688-693.

Kerr, Barry D, Irwin, Nigel, O'Harte, Finbarr, Bailey, Clifford J, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2009) Fatty acid derivatised analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 78 (8). pp. 1008-1016.

Gault, Victor, Kerr, BD, Irwin, Nigel, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2009) Fatty acid derivatised forms of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved glucose-lowering and insulin-releasing properties. DIABETOLOGIA, 52 (Suppl. 1). pp. 786.

Patterson, Steven, Irwin, Nigel, Green, B. D. and Flatt, Peter (2009) Insulinotropic and glucose lowering effects of small molecule GLP-1-receptor agonist 6,7-dichloro-2-methylsulfonyl-3-N-tert-butylaminoquinoxaline. DIABETOLOGIA, 52 (Suppl. 1). pp. 787.

Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2009) Evidence for beneficial effects of compromised gastric inhibitory polypeptide action in obesity-related diabetes and possible therapeutic implications. DIABETOLOGIA, 52 (9). pp. 1724-1731.

O'Harte, FPM, McClean, PL and Irwin, N (2009) Structure function studies with glucagon related peptides reveal glucagon receptor antagonist activities in vitro and in vivo. In: 45th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes, Vienna. . 565

Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2009) Therapeutic potential for GIP receptor agonists and antagonists. BEST PRACTICE AND RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM, 23 (4). pp. 499-512.

Green, Brian D., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2009) Metabolic responses of obestatin peptides in normal and high-fat fed mice. AMINO ACIDS, 37 (Suppl. 1). pp. 9.

Irwin, Nigel, McClean, Paula, Hunter, Kerry and Flatt, Peter (2009) Metabolic effects of sustained activation of the GLP-1 receptor alone and in combination with background GIP receptor antagonism in high fat-fed mice. DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM, 11 (6). pp. 603-610.

Irwin, Nigel, Hunter, Kerry, Frizzell, Norma and Flatt, Peter (2009) Antidiabetic effects of sub-chronic activation of the GIP receptor alone and in combination with background exendin-4 therapy in high fat fed mice. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 153 (1-3). pp. 70-76.

Kerr, Barry D., Irwin, Nigel, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2009) Prolonged GIP receptor activation using stable mini-PEGylated GIP improves glucose homeostasis and beta-cell function in age-related glucose intolerance. PEPTIDES, 30 (2). pp. 219-225.

Irwin, Nigel, McClean, Paula, Patterson, Steven, Hunter, Kerry and Flatt, Peter (2009) Active immunisation against gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) improves blood glucose control in an animal model of obesity-diabetes. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 390 (1). pp. 75-80.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Kerr, BD, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2009) GIP(Lys37MYR), a novel acylated analogue of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has enhanced stability, glucose lowering and insulin releasing properties in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 178 (S10). pp. 389-389.

McClean, Paula, Irwin, Nigel, Hunter, Kerry, Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2008) (Pro(3)) GIP[mPEG]: novel, long-acting, mPEGylated antagonist of gastric inhibitory polypeptide for obesity-diabetes (diabesity) therapy. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, 155 (5). pp. 690-701.

Irwin, Nigel, Hunter, Kerry and Flatt, Peter (2008) Comparison of independent and combined chronic metabolic effects of GIP and CB1 receptor blockade in high-fat fed mice. PEPTIDES, 29 (6). pp. 1036-1041.

Gault, Victor, Kerr, Barry D., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2008) C-terminal mini-PEGylation of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide exhibits metabolic stability and improved glucose homeostasis in dietary-induced diabetes. BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 75 (12). pp. 2325-2333.

McClean, Paula, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, McCluskey, Janie and Flatt, Peter (2008) Daily administration of the GIP-R antagonist (Pro(3))GIP in streptozotocin-induced diabetes suggests that insulin-dependent mechanisms are critical to anti-obesity-diabetes actions of (Pro(3))GIP. DIABETES OBESITY AND METABOLISM, 10 (4). pp. 336-342.

Taylor, Ashley, Irwin, Nigel, McKillop, Aine, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2008) Sub-chronic administration of the 11 beta-HSD1 inhibitor, carbenoxolone, improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice with diet-induced obesity. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 389 (4). pp. 441-445.

Irwin, Nigel, Hunter, Kerry, Frizzell, Nonna and Flatt, Peter (2008) Antidiabetic effects of sub-chronic administration of the cannabinoid receptor (CB1) antagonist, AM251, in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, 581 (1-2). pp. 226-233.

Cassidy, Roslyn S., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2008) Effects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and related analogues on glucagon release at normo- and hyperglycaemia in Wistar rats and isolated islets. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 389 (2). pp. 189-193.

Irwin, Nigel, Flatt, Peter and Gault, Victor (2008) GIP-based therapeutics for diabetes and obesity. Current Chemical Biology , 2. pp. 61-68.

Gault, Victor, Kerr, BD, Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2008) Effects of C-terminal mini-PEGylation on metabolic stability and biological activity. Diabetic Medicine , 25 (S1). pp. 12-12.

McClean, Paula, Irwin, Nigel, Cassidy, Roslyn S., Holst, Jens J., Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2007) GIP receptor antagonism reverses obesity, insulin resistance, and associated metabolic disturbances induced in mice by prolonged consumption of high-fat diet. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM, 293 (6). pp. E1746-E1755.

Irwin, Nigel, Hunter, Kerry and Flatt, Peter (2007) Comparison of the metabolic effects of GIP receptor antagonism and PYY(3-36) receptor activation in high fat fed mice. PEPTIDES, 28 (11). pp. 2192-2198.

Irwin, Nigel, McClean, Paula, Cassidy, Roslyn S, O'Harte, Finbarr, Green, Brian D, Gault, Victor, Harriott, Patrick and Flatt, Peter (2007) Comparison of the anti-diabetic effects of GIP- and GLP-1-receptor activation in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice: studies with DPP IV resistant N-AcGIP and exendin(1-39)amide. DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS, 23 (7). pp. 572-579.

Gault, Victor, Taylor, AI, Irwin, Nigel, McKillop, Aine and Flatt, Peter (2007) Effects of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition on body weight and glucose homeostasis in mice with diet-induced obesity. DIABETOLOGIA, 50 (Suppl. 1). pp. 0659.

McKillop, Aine, Duffy, NA, Green, BD, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2007) Antidiabetic action of nateglinide includes augmentation of glucagon-like peptide-1 activity mediated partly through inhibition of DPP IV mediated degradation. DIABETOLOGIA, 50 (Suppl. 1). pp. 0882.

Gault, Victor, McClean, Paula, Cassidy, R. S., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2007) Chemical gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor antagonism protects against obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and associated disturbances in mice fed high-fat and cafeteria diets. DIABETOLOGIA, 50 (8). pp. 1752-1762.

Irwin, Nigel, McClean, Paula, O'Harte, Finbarr, Gault, Victor, Harriott, P and Flatt, Peter (2007) Early administration of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor antagonist (Pro(3))GIP prevents the development of diabetes and related metabolic abnormalities associated with genetically inherited obesity in ob/ob mice. DIABETOLOGIA, 50 (7). pp. 1532-1540.

Gault, Victor, McClean, Paula, Irwin, Nigel, Power, Gavin J., McCluskey, Janie and Flatt, Peter (2007) Effects of subchronic treatment with the long-acting glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonist, N-AcGIP, on glucose homeostasis in Streptozotocin-induced diabetes. PANCREAS, 35 (1). pp. 73-79.

Duffy, Nicola A, Green, Brian D, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, McKillop, Aine, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2007) Effects of antidiabetic drugs on dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity: Nateglinide is an inhibitor of DPP IV and augments the antidiabetic activity of glucagon-like peptide-1. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, 568 (1-3). pp. 278-286.

Irwin, Nigel, McClean, Paula and Flatt, Peter (2007) Comparison of the subchronic antidiabetic effects of DPP IV-resistant GIP and GLP-1 analogues in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice. JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE, 13 (6). pp. 400-405.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Hunter, Kerry, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Green, Brian D., Greer, Brett, Harriott, Patrick, Bailey, Clifford J. and Flatt, Peter (2007) Antagonistic effects of two novel GIP analogs, (Hyp(3))GIP and (Hyp(3)) GIPLys(16)PAL, on the biological actions of GIP and longer-term effects in diabetic ob/ob mice. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM, 292 (6). pp. E1674-E1682.

Gault, Victor, Hunter, Kerry, Irwin, Nigel, Green, Brian D, Greer, Brett, Harriott, Patrick, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2007) Characterisation and biological activity of Glu(3) amino acid substituted GIP receptor antagonists. ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS, 461 (2). pp. 263-274.

Green, B. D., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2007) Direct and indirect effects of obestatin peptides on food intake and the regulation of glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion in mice. PEPTIDES, 28 (5). pp. 981-987.

Irwin, Nigel, McClean, Paula, Harriott, Patrick and Flatt, Peter (2007) Beneficial effects of sub-chronic activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors on deterioration of glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion in aging mice. EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY, 42 (4). pp. 296-300.

Green, B. D., Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2007) Direct and indirect effects of the anorectic hormone obestatin on glucose regulation and insulin secretion in mice. DIABETIC MEDICINE, 24 (Suppl. 1). pp. 41.

McClean, Paula, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Power, G. J., McCluskey, Janie and Flatt, Peter (2007) Effects of daily administration of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist, N-Acetyl-GIP, in streptozotocin-incluced diabetic mice. DIABETIC MEDICINE, 24 (Suppl. 1). pp. 40-41.

Gault, Victor, McClean, Paula, Irwin, Nigel, McCluskey, Janie and Flatt, Peter (2007) Effects of GIP-receptor antagonism in a streptozotocin-induced model of insulin deficiency. DIABETIC MEDICINE, 24 (Suppl. 1). pp. 40.

Irwin, Nigel, Parker, JC, Gault, Victor, Greer, B, Harriott, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2007) N-terminally truncated metabolite of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) but not glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) improves glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice through alleviation of insulin resistance. DIABETIC MEDICINE, 24 (Suppl. 1). pp. 22.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, McClean, Paula, Cassidy, RS, Harriott, P and Flatt, Peter (2007) Antidiabetic effects of sub-chronic administration of stable incretin mimetics N-AcGIP and exendin-4 (1-39) amide in obese-diabetic mice. DIABETIC MEDICINE, 24 (Suppl. 1). pp. 22.

Gault, Victor, Hunter, Kerry, Irwin, Nigel, Greer, Brett, Green, Brian D, Harriott, Patrick, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2007) Characterisation and glucoregulatory actions of a novel acylated form of the (Pro(3))GIP receptor antagonist in type 2 diabetes. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 388 (2). pp. 173-179.

Parker, Jeremy C, Irwin, Nigel, Lavery, Kerry S, Green, Brian D, O'Harte, Finbarr, Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2007) Metabolic effects of sub-chronic ablation of the incretin receptors by daily administration of (Pro(3))GIP and exendin(9-39)amide in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 388 (2). pp. 221-226.

Gault, Victor, Taylor, AI, Irwin, Nigel, McKillop, Aine and Flatt, Peter (2007) Metabolic effects of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition in an animal model of diet-induced obesity. Irish Journal of Medical Science , 176 (S9). pp. 382-382.

Green, Brian D, Irwin, Nigel, Duffy, Nicola A, Gault, Victor, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV activity by metformin enhances the antidiabetic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, 547 (1-3). pp. 192-199.

Parker, JC, Lavery, KS, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Greer, B, Harriott, P, O'Harte, Finbarr, Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2006) Effects of sub-chronic exposure to naturally occurring N-terminally truncated metabolites of glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), GIP(3-42) and GLP-1 (9-36)amide, on insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice. JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, 191 (1). pp. 93-100.

Green, Brian D., Irwin, Nigel, Cassidy, Roslyn S., Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2006) Long-term administration of PACAP receptor antagonist, PACAP(6-27), impairs glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese diabetic ob/ob mice. PEPTIDES, 27 (9). pp. 2343-2349.

Gault, Victor, Hunter, Kerry, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Characterisation of novel glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) antagonists generated through amino acid substitution at position Glu(3). DIABETOLOGIA, 49 (Suppl. 1). pp. 0672.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Hunter, K., Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Harriott, P. and Flatt, Peter (2006) Cellular and metabolic evaluation of (hydroxyproline(3))-GIP as new stable GIP receptor antagonist with antidiabetic potential. DIABETOLOGIA, 49 (Suppl. 1). pp. 0661.

Flatt, Peter, Irwin, Nigel, McClean, Paula, Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Bailey, CJ and O'Harte, Finbarr (2006) Early administration of the GIP receptor antagonist (Pro(3))GIP counters development of hyperglycaemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in genetic obesity. DIABETOLOGIA, 49 (Suppl. 1). pp. 0171.

Irwin, Nigel, Clarke, GC, Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Harriott, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Long-acting analogues of GIP with significantly improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties: N-terminal modification versus mid-chain acylation. DIABETOLOGIA, 49 (Suppl. 1). pp. 0172.

Irwin, Nigel, Clarke, Gillian C, Green, Brian D, Greer, Brett, Harriott, Patrick, Gault, Victor, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of DPP IV resistant N-terminally modified versus mid-chain acylated analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 72 (6). pp. 719-728.

Green, Brian D, Lavery, Kerry S, Irwin, Nigel, O'Harte, Finbarr, Harriott, Patrick, Greer, Brett, Bailey, Clifford J and Flatt, Peter (2006) Novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog (Val(8))GLP-1 results in significant improvements of glucose tolerance and pancreatic beta-cell function after 3-week daily administration in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice. JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS, 318 (2). pp. 914-921.

Irwin, Nigel, Green, Brian D, Parker, Jeremy C, Gault, Victor, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Biological activity and antidiabetic potential of synthetic fragment peptides of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIP(1-16) and (Pro(3))GIP(1-16). REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 135 (1-2). pp. 45-53.

Green, BD, Irwin, Nigel and Flatt, Peter (2006) Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP): Assessment of dipeptidyl peptidase IV degradation, insulin-releasing activity and antidiabetic potential. PEPTIDES, 27 (6). pp. 1349-1358.

Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Cassidy, RS, O'Harte, Finbarr, Harriott, P and Flatt, Peter (2006) Effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion of long term activation of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor by N-AcGIP(LysPAL(37)) in normal mice. PEPTIDES, 27 (4). pp. 893-900.

Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Harriot, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Stable agonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) restores pancreatic beta cell glucose responsiveness but not glucose intolerance in aging mice. EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY, 41 (2). pp. 151-156.

Irwin, Nigel, O'Harte, Finbarr, Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Greer, B, Harriott, P, Bailey, CJ and Flatt, Peter (2006) GIP(Lys(16)PAL) and GIP(LyS(37)PAL): Novel long-acting acylated analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with improved antidiabetic potential. JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, 49 (3). pp. 1047-1054.

Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Greer, B, Harriott, P, Bailey, CJ, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Novel long-acting acylated analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) with enhanced antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. Diabetic Medicine, 23 (S2). pp. 8-8.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Cassidy, RS, Harriott, P and Flatt, Peter (2006) Administration of fatty acid linked glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor antagonist for two weeks improves glucose tolerance in normal mice. Diabetic Medicine , 23 (S2). pp. 22-22.

Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2006) Long-acting glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist restores beta-cell glucose responsiveness in ageing mice. Diabetic Medicine , 23 (S2). pp. 31-31.

Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Mooney, MH, Greer, B, Harriott, P, Bailey, CJ, Gault, Victor, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2005) A novel, long-acting agonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide suitable for once-daily administration in type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS, 314 (3). pp. 1187-1194.

Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, McCluskey, Janie, Greer, B, Bailey, CJ, Harriott, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2005) Chemical ablation of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor action by daily (Pro(3))GIP administration improves glucose tolerance and ameliorates insulin resistance and abnormalities of islet structure in obesity-related diabetes. DIABETES, 54 (8). pp. 2436-2446.

Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Greer, B, Harriott, P, Bailey, CJ, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2005) Antidiabetic potential of two novel fatty acid derivatised, N-terminally modified analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP): N-AcGIP(LysPAL(16)) and N-AcGIP(LysPAL(37)). BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 386 (7). pp. 679-687.

Green, BD, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Bailey, CJ, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2005) Chronic treatment with exendin(9-39)amide indicates a minor role for endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 in metabolic abnormalities of obesity-related diabetes in ob/ob mice. JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, 185 (2). pp. 307-317.

Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Greer, B, Harriott, P, Bailey, CJ, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2005) Degradation, insulin secretion, and antihyperglycemic actions of two palmitate-derivitized N-terminal pyroglutamyl analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, 48 (4). pp. 1244-1250.

Green, Brian, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2005) Development and therapeutic potential of incretin hormone analogues for type 2 diabetes. The British Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease , 5. pp. 134-140.

Lavery, KS, Green, BD, Parker, JC, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2005) The truncated peptide glucagon-like peptide-1(9-36)amide has no insulin releasing activity but retains a significant effect on glucose disposal in vitro and in vivo. Diabetic Medicine, 22 (S2). pp. 17-17.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Harriott, P, Greer, B, Gault, Victor and Flatt, Peter (2005) Once daily administration of (Pro3)GIP ameliorates glucose intolerance and improves insulin sensitivity in obese diabetic (ob/ob) mice.. Irish Journal of Medical , 174 (S2). pp. 8-8.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Green, BD and Flatt, Peter (2004) Assessment of the antidiabetic potential of two fatty acid derivatized GIP analogues. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 122 (1). pp. A105.

Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, O'Harte, Finbarr, Green, BD and Flatt, Peter (2004) Antidiabetic potential of a long-acting derivative of GIP following once daily administration in type 2 diabetes. REGULATORY PEPTIDES, 122 (1). pp. A55.

Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Greer, B, McCluskey, Janie, Harriott, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2004) Effects of short-term chemical ablation of the GIP receptor on insulin secretion, islet morphology and glucose homeostasis in mice. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 385 (9). pp. 845-852.

Green, BD, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, O'Harte, Finbarr, Bailey, CJ and Flatt, Peter (2004) Chronic treatment of obese hyperglycaemic ob/ob mice with exendin(9-39)amide suggests a minor role for endogenous GLP-1 in metabolic abnormalities of obesity-diabetes. DIABETOLOGIA, 47 (Suppl. 1). pp. 659.

Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Harriott, P, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2004) Long-acting Tyr(1)-modified analogues of GIP with significantly improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic properties. DIABETOLOGIA, 47 (Suppl. 1). pp. 109.

Green, BD, Mooney, MH, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Bailey, CJ, Harriott, P, Greer, B, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2004) N-terminal His(7)-modification of glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36) amide generates dipeptidyl peptidase IV-stable analogues with potent antihyperglycaemic activity. JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, 180 (3). pp. 379-388.

Green, BD, Mooney, MH, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Bailey, CJ, Harriott, P, Greer, B, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2004) Lys(9) for Glu(9) substitution in glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide confers dipeptidylpeptidase IV resistance with cellular and metabolic actions similar to those of established antagonists glucagon-like peptide-1(9-36)amide and exendin (9-39). METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, 53 (2). pp. 252-259.

Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Mooney, MH, Irwin, Nigel, Harriott, P, Greer, B, Bailey, CJ, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2004) Degradation, receptor binding, insulin secreting and antihyperglycaemic actions of palmitate-derivatised native and Ala(8)-substituted GLP-1 analogues. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 385 (2). pp. 169-177.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Mooney, MH, Harriott, P, Greer, B and Flatt, Peter (2004) (Lys9)GLP-1 lacks insulinotropic activity but acts as a potent novel GLP-1 receptor antagonist in vivo. Diabetic Medicine, 21 (S2). pp. 43-43.

Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Mooney, MH, Irwin, Nigel, Harriott, P, Greer, B, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2004) Molecular, cellular and biological characteristics of DPP IV-resistant acetylated analogues of GLP-1. . Diabetic Medicine, 21 (S2). pp. 26-26.

Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Irwin, Nigel, Harriott, P, Greer, B, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2004) Development and characterisation of novel N-terminal Glu9-substituted agonists of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Diabetic Medicine, 21 (S2). pp. 26-26.

Flatt, Peter, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Harriott, P, Gault, Victor and O'Harte, Finbarr (2004) Daily administration of GIP receptor antagonist alleviates glucose intolerance and counters insulin resistance in an animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 47 (S1). pp. 282-282.

McCluskey, Janie, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Green, BD, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2004) Longer-term ablation of GIP signalling in normal mice demonstrates importance of GIP for glucose homeostasis as part of the enteroinsular axis. Proceedings of the EASD Islet Study Group, Meeting on Molecular Aspects of Pancreatic Islet Function, 1. pp. 26-26.

Hunter, Kerry, Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Flatt, Peter, O'Harte, Finbarr and Gault, Victor (2004) Novel long-acting enzyme-resistant glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists with improved antihyperglycaemic and insulinotropic activity. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 173 (S1). pp. 35-35.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Green, BD and Flatt, Peter (2004) C-16 fatty acid derivatised GIP analogues as potential agents for diabetes therapy. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 173 (S1). pp. 10-10.

Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Mooney, MH, Irwin, Nigel, Bailey, CJ, Harriott, P, Greer, B, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2003) Novel dipeptidyl peptidase IV resistant analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide have preserved biological activities in vitro conferring improved glucose-lowering action in vivo. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY, 31 (3). pp. 529-540.

Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Mooney, MH, Bailey, CJ, Harriott, P, Greer, B, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2003) Metabolic stability, receptor binding, cAMP generation, insulin secretion and antihyperglycaemic activity of novel N-terminal Glu(9)-substituted analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 384 (12). pp. 1543-1551.

Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Harriott, P, Flatt, Peter and O'Harte, Finbarr (2003) DPP IV resistance and insulin releasing activity of a novel di-substituted analogue of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, (Ser(2)-Asp(13))GIP. CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, 27 (1). pp. 41-46.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Gault, Victor, Harriott, P, Irwin, Nigel, Mooney, MH and Flatt, Peter (2003) Biological activity of two novel N-terminal Ala2-substituted analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. Diabetic Medicine, 20 (S2). pp. 35-35.

Irwin, Nigel, Gault, Victor, Flatt, Peter, Mooney, MH and O'Harte, Finbarr (2003) Biological activity of mono- and di-substituted analogues of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). Proceedings of BioNet Annual Conference, 1. pp. 28-28.

Green, BD, Gault, Victor, Monney, MH, Irwin, Nigel, Harriott, P, Greer, B, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2003) Dipeptidylpeptidase IV degradation, receptor binding, insulin-secreting and antihyperglycaemic characteristics of palmitate-derivitised glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide analogues. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 172 (S1). pp. 41-41.

Irwin, Nigel, Green, BD, Lui, HK, McCluskey, Janie, McClenaghan, Neville, Gault, Victor, Harriott, P, Greer, B, O'Harte, Finbarr and Flatt, Peter (2003) Dipeptidylpeptidase IV-resistant glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide analogue N-acetyl-GLP-1 has improved effects on pancreatic beta-cell associated gene expression. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 172 (S1). pp. 24-24.

O'Harte, Finbarr, Green, BD, Mooney, MH, Gault, Victor, Irwin, Nigel, Harriott, P, Greer, B and Flatt, Peter (2003) Comparison of the activity of the novel dipeptidylpeptidase IV-resistant GLP-1 receptor antagonist (Lys9)GLP-1 with GLP-1(9-36)amide and exendin-4(9-39). Irish Journal of Medical Science, 172 (S1). pp. 10-10.